By Nonhlanhla Ndlovu
The global order is undergoing a seismic transformation, and at the heart of this shift lies the increasing prominence of the Global South. The recent remarks by Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi illuminate this paradigm shift, emphasising the South’s growing agency in shaping global affairs. His pointed critique of Western dominance, particularly the United States’ role in perpetuating economic and political imbalances, speaks directly to a reality long felt by developing nations.
While many diplomatic statements are often couched in rhetoric, Wang Yi’s remarks serve as a call to action – a demand for a world order that recognises the contributions of the Global South rather than subjugating them under antiquated hierarchies. This article will delve deeper into the implications of his message, critically assess the role of China in fostering this transformation, and explore how South Africa and its counterparts can strategically position themselves in this new multipolar world.
The Global South has historically been marginalised within the structures of global governance. For centuries, power dynamics have been dictated by Western imperialism, economic monopolisation, and military dominance. However, the Global South – once a mere passive player in global affairs – is now an undeniable force in reshaping international relations.
Wang Yi’s assertion that “the dynamism of the changes originates from the South” is rooted in tangible realities. The rise of emerging economies, advancements in technology, and shifting trade alliances have collectively weakened the unipolar grip of Western institutions. Countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America are no longer content with playing secondary roles in the international system; instead, they are forging their own paths through South-South cooperation and economic diversification.
China has positioned itself as the catalyst of this change. Through initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative, China has expanded its influence across continents, facilitating infrastructure development, technological innovation, and trade partnerships. These efforts are not simply economic strategies but deliberate moves to challenge the monopolistic tendencies of Western financial institutions and create a more inclusive global economy.
Wang Yi’s critique of the United States is not merely a diplomatic rebuke – it is an indictment of a system that has long prioritised Western interests at the expense of developing nations. The US has historically wielded economic sanctions, debt traps, and interventionist policies as tools to maintain its hegemony.
Institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, despite their purported missions of economic stability, have often imposed structural adjustment programs that deepen economic vulnerabilities rather than alleviating them. Meanwhile, trade agreements brokered by Western powers frequently exploit the resources and labor of developing nations while restricting their access to fair markets.
However, these mechanisms of control are facing increasing resistance. Nations across the Global South are actively seeking alternatives – reducing reliance on the US dollar, forging independent trade blocs, and advocating for reforms in global financial governance. The expansion of BRICS, with its push for alternative financial institutions and a greater voice for emerging economies, exemplifies this strategic shift.
South Africa, as a key player in the Global South and a BRICS member, has much to gain from this evolving landscape. Its economic and geopolitical positioning enables it to play a crucial role in shaping the direction of this new order.
China has emerged as South Africa’s largest trading partner, with bilateral trade surpassing historic records. However, this relationship must transcend economic transactions; it must evolve into a model of equitable partnership that prioritizes sustainable development, technological transfer, and industrialisation.
Unlike Western partnerships, which often come laden with conditionalities, China’s engagement with South Africa presents an opportunity for self-determined growth. However, South Africa must also be strategic in navigating this relationship – ensuring that Chinese investments align with national priorities and contribute to long-term economic resilience rather than fostering dependency.
Additionally, South Africa must leverage its role within BRICS to advocate for broader African interests. As global supply chains evolve, Africa’s resource-rich landscape places it in a position of strategic significance. However, to fully capitalise on these opportunities, South Africa must push for policies that strengthen intra-African trade, modernise infrastructure, and enhance manufacturing capabilities.
Wang Yi’s remarks underscore the urgency of institutional transformation. The Global South cannot merely demand change – it must actively construct alternative frameworks that challenge Western monopolisation of global governance.
To achieve this, institutional reform is essential. The United Nations, International Monetary Fund, and World Bank must undergo structural changes that reflect contemporary global realities rather than perpetuate post-World War II power imbalances. The de-dollarisation movement must be accelerated, with BRICS nations leading efforts to establish alternative payment mechanisms that reduce dependency on Western-controlled financial systems.
Investments in research and development are crucial for ensuring that developing nations are not perpetually relegated to the lower rungs of the global value chain. Western media outlets have long shaped global discourse in ways that serve their own interests. The Global South must invest in independent media platforms that accurately represent its achievements, aspirations, and challenges.
Developing nations must strengthen diplomatic alliances, ensuring that their collective voice is heard in matters of trade, climate policy, and international security. The rise of the Global South is no longer a theoretical concept – it is an unfolding reality that demands decisive action. China’s unwavering commitment to fostering this transformation serves as a crucial pillar of this new world order, but responsibility does not lie with China alone.
South Africa and other developing nations must take ownership of their destinies, resisting external pressures that seek to maintain outdated hierarchies. By strategically leveraging alliances, asserting economic sovereignty, and fostering technological advancement, the Global South can emerge not just as a counterforce to Western dominance, but as a formidable architect of a more equitable global system.
As China continues to lead the charge, its partnerships – particularly with nations like South Africa – will play a decisive role in shaping the future. The challenge ahead is immense, but so is the opportunity. The Global South must rise with confidence, not as subordinates demanding a seat at the table, but as equal partners in constructing a new world order.
*Nonhlanhla Ndlovu is a freelancer and independent writer.
**The views expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of or Independent Media.
