The Cleveland Clinic says that the term “acute coronary syndrome” (ACS) refers to three types of coronary artery disease that affect millions of people every year. It is a medical emergency because it can cause artery blockage, which can lead to unstable angina and a heart attack. It usually happens when a sudden blockage slows or stops the flow of blood to your heart.
It is a potentially life-threatening illness that can kill if medical help isn’t given right away. But it is thought that if you go to the hospital right away, treatment can quickly reopen your arteries and get blood back to your heart so it can work properly.
What kinds of heart problems are part of ACS?
The Cleveland Clinic says that there are three types of coronary artery disease that damage or kill heart tissue and are part of an acute coronary syndrome. The exact type depends on three things: where the blockage is, how long it lasts, and how much damage it does to your heart. So, there are three different kinds of ACAS. These things:
1. Unstable angina: This is when chest pain or pressure comes on suddenly and out of the blue, even when you are resting. When stable angina gets worse, it turns into unstable angina, which is a warning sign of a heart attack.
Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: This is a heart attack that happens when your coronary arteries aren’t completely blocked or were only blocked for a short time.
This is a much worse heart attack that happens when your heart doesn’t get any blood for a long time, which hurts a large part of your heart.
What causes a sudden heart attack?
Your coronary arteries and the smaller blood vessels that branch off of them help keep your heart supplied with oxygen-rich blood, so it can work well. But over time, fat and cholesterol (plaque) can build up and make your arteries hard and narrow (atherosclerosis). The acute coronary syndrome can happen when this plaque tears or splits open all of a sudden.
Other possible causes include a blood clot forming over the opening, limiting or blocking blood flow to a part of your heart called the myocardium, blockage by a blood clot, air bubble, fat, or other material, coronary artery spasm, and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD).
The acute coronary syndrome has these signs:
The Cleveland Clinic says that the symptoms of acute coronary syndrome depend on where the blockage is and how bad it is, as well as your age, sex, and other health problems, like diabetes. You may have chest pain or discomfort (angina), which can feel like aching, burning, heaviness, numbness, pressure, or tightness.
You might feel it in your left shoulder, arms, neck, back, or jaw. You may also feel dizzy, lightheaded, or faint, sweat a lot and all of a sudden (called diaphoresis), feel tired, have a racing or pounding heart (called heart palpitations), and have upper abdominal pain that you might mistake for indigestion or heartburn.
Prevention
Most people believe that making changes to your lifestyle that are good for your heart can help lower your risk of ACAS and other heart conditions. The following tips are what you should do:
1. Don’t smoke.
2. Eat well for your heart.
3. Limit your alcohol consumption.
4. Take care of health problems like high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, stress, depression, and anxiety.
5. Keep your body moving by doing regular physical activities.
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