According to a study, smoking increases the risk of developing clinical depression by 2-3 times compared to people who never smoked.
Smoking is one of the most common causes of cancer, it can increase risks of heart disease. Smoking can lead to depression and anxiety.
The study, which was published in PLOS ONE, discovered that there may be signs in existing research that discuss smoking as a risk factor for depression. Smokers are twice as likely to experience depression than non-smokers, however it is unclear if smoking leads to sadness or vice versa. However, other scientists think that smoking can cause depression.
In the study, smokers were defined as those who smoked at least one cigarette per day or 100 cigarettes per lifetime. The participants were required to complete a questionnaire with 36 questions spanning eight different aspects of health in order to rate their quality of life in relation to their health. Body pain, vitality, overall health, physical functioning, role functioning (physical and emotional), social functioning, and mental health were the topics covered in the questionnaires.
Participants were asked to rate their perceptions of their own physical and mental health on a scale of 0 to 100 for each of these factors. On the other hand, researchers also evaluated depressed symptoms in students using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
The 21 elements that make up the BDI range in score from 0 to 3. A total score of 0–13 indicated no or very little depression, 4–19 indicated mild depression, 20–28 indicated moderate depression, and 29–63 indicated severe depression.
Higher BDI scores were linked to smoking. Comparing students who never smoked to those who did, researchers discovered that smokers were 2-3 times more likely to experience severe depression.
Quit smoking today to get rid of the health hazards associated with it.
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